Several of the physical
symptoms and illnesses related to HIV disease and its treatment -- such as
fatigue, weight changes, memory loss, depression, and atherosclerosis -- mimic
typical age-related health problems. It is estimated that at least 10% of HIV
positive people in the United States are 50 years of age or older -- a number
that will certainly increase as people with HIV live longer thanks to effective
antiretroviral therapy. For older women, sorting out the interplay between HIV,
aging, and the side effects of medications can be very difficult. Many health
problems are exacerbated by smoking, obesity, and poor health behaviors that
can lead to an increased risk of illness or death. This article addresses two
common health risks in aging women with HIV: heart disease and osteoporosis.
What are health
issues to watch out for?
POZ Magazine
- Cardiovascular
disease As we age, cholesterol builds up in our arteries, so our risk of a
heart attack or stroke increases. HIV and its meds may further increase the
risk. Positive people over 50, especially men, should talk with their providers
about closely monitoring cholesterol levels and blood pressure, and consider
risk-reducing habits: exercising, quitting smoking and eating a healthy diet.
- Cancer Studies show that prostate, breast and colon cancer aren't more common in
HIV-positive people. But having HIV does increase the risk of some cancers
caused by viruses, such as KS, lymphoma and cervical or anal tumors. It may
also increase the risk of a few other cancers, including lung and skin cancer.
But none of these are common and all can be detected in early, treatable stages
through regular screening.
- Bone Problems Weakened bones-osteopenia and osteoporosis-can occur with age, notably in women
after they stop menstruating, and have also been tied to HIV and its treatment.
An easy and painless test called DEXA scanning can help you and your health
care provider monitor your bone health and determine if you're at risk for a
serious fracture. Vitamin D and calcium supplements might be recommended, and
prescription medications to help reverse bone loss are also available.
- Cognitive Problems Mental function, including memory and concentration, tend to decline
as we age, but cognitive impairment can also be due to HIV infection and some
meds. While there are many possible treatments, some need to be used with
caution in older people.
- Multiple Meds As we age and require meds for additional problems, the risk of potentially
dangerous drug interactions increases. HIV meds can affect-and are affected
by-treatments for other health conditions, leading to raised or lowered med
levels in the bloodstream. This can prevent some meds from working correctly or
increase the risk of serious side effects. And older people may be more
susceptible to drug interactions, as their livers and kidneys-responsible for
breaking down medications-begin to decline. Be sure your health care provider
keeps close tabs on all meds you're taking, including over-the-counter remedies
and supplements.
QUICK TIPS
Offered by
writers of POZ Magazine:
Growing older
with HIV means getting wiser to age-related health challenges.
- Beyond viral
load
Keeping on top
of your HIV is important, but routine health exams are also necessary,
especially as we age. Talk with your doc about other lab tests you need to
monitor your health.
- Body Talk
Aging gracefully
involves more than seeing your doctor and taking meds. It means life affirming
acts such as quitting cigarettes, alcohol and drug use; eating a healthy diet;
getting regular exercise and maintaining a healthy weight.
- Mind matters
Some studies
show that engaging in mental activities like solving crosswords and number
puzzles every day can guard against mental deterioration.
- Friendly
advice
Studies show
that people who maintain active social networks of friends and family live
longer and happier lives than people who are isolated.